Data & methods

Data review

Nothing is filtered out of The Urban World. Every urban centre in GHS-WUP R2025A appears in the rankings, search, the directory and on the map, with the figures JRC published and their confidence beside them.

This page lists the centres that trip at least one diagnostic rule: low confidence, population jumps, tiny or barely built footprints, missing names. It is the working surface for deciding whether a curation rule is ever needed. How each rule is defined.

5,563 of 21,777 urban centres trip at least one rule.

5,563 centres· showing 3,701–3,800

Urban centre Country Exists Population Rules (epochs)
BanibangouNigerfrom 208546.1K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
Unnamed centre near ‘Alem KetemaEthiopiafrom 210046.1K
  • Low confidence 2100
  • Unnamed 2100
GadoEthiopiafrom 202546.1K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
Gao'anChinauntil 199546.1K
  • Low confidence 1975–1995
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1995
  • Tiny footprint 1975–1995
WuxiChinauntil 203546.1K
  • Low confidence 1975–1995
DaboIndonesiafrom 202546.1K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
  • Unnamed 2025–2100
Al FajrIraqfrom 202546.1K
  • Low confidence 2090–2100
Yaaq Bari WeyneSomaliafrom 209046.1K
  • Low confidence 2090–2100
BarhajIndiafrom 200546.1K
  • Area under 5 km² 2005
Unnamed centre near UmulonaNigeriafrom 205546.1K
  • Unnamed 2055–2100
TrengiloMadagascarfrom 210046.1K
  • Low confidence 2100
RushogaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 203546.1K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
Unnamed centre near DadiyaNigeriafrom 206046.1K
  • Unnamed 2060–2100
Unnamed centre near GandajikaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 207046.1K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
  • Unnamed 2070–2100
KipuziDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 203546.1K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
AnupshahrIndia1975–210046.1K
  • Low confidence 1975–1985
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–2025
Gambos-ChiangeAngolafrom 206046.0K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
BaheChinauntil 198546.0K
  • Low confidence 1975–1985
Khudāydād KhēlAfghanistanfrom 206046.0K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
  • Unnamed 2060–2100
Unnamed centre near GandajikaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 209546.0K
  • Unnamed 2095–2100
MahindaTanzaniafrom 208546.0K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
IkangNigeriafrom 203046.0K
  • Area under 5 km² 2030–2035
BombeEthiopiafrom 210046.0K
  • Low confidence 2100
  • Unnamed 2100
Unnamed centre near TômbuaAngolafrom 206546.0K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2065–2100
  • Unnamed 2065–2100
BakhshaliPakistanfrom 203046.0K
  • Population jump 2050
ShīshgarhIndiafrom 203546.0K
  • Unnamed 2035–2100
NgombeDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 204546.0K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
Unnamed centre near MaydanshakhrAfghanistanfrom 208546.0K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
  • Unnamed 2085–2100
LainyaSouth Sudanfrom 204546.0K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the CongoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 206546.0K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2065–2080
  • Unnamed 2065–2100
Al Minshat al SughraEgyptfrom 204046.0K
  • Population jump 2060
Deh Now-ye FarzahAfghanistanfrom 204046.0K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
Bala MurghabAfghanistanfrom 206046.0K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
  • Unnamed 2060–2100
FiditiNigeriafrom 206046.0K
  • Unnamed 2060–2100
KhinjAfghanistanfrom 206046.0K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
  • Unnamed 2060–2100
AddéChadfrom 210046.0K
  • Low confidence 2100
Unnamed centre in MozambiqueMozambiquefrom 207546.0K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
  • Unnamed 2075–2100
Unnamed centre near NchelengeZambiafrom 204046.0K
  • Unnamed 2040–2100
Babo TowerEthiopiafrom 206046.0K
  • Area under 5 km² 2060–2065
Unnamed centre near LuberoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 206546.0K
  • Unnamed 2065–2100
TshibumbulaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 204046.0K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
MaigatariNigerfrom 210046.0K
  • Low confidence 2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2100
  • Unnamed 2100
NarongyetSouth Sudanfrom 202046.0K
  • Low confidence 2020–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2020–2040
TurmiEthiopiafrom 206046.0K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2060–2100
Sōzmah Qal‘ahAfghanistanfrom 205546.0K
  • Low confidence 2055–2100
  • Unnamed 2055–2100
KanigiriIndia2000–201546.0K
  • Area under 5 km² 2000–2015
GuangshunChinauntil 199546.0K
  • Low confidence 1975–1980
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
Wu'anChinauntil 198046.0K
  • Low confidence 1975
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
AdenzaiPakistanfrom 202545.9K
  • Population jump 2035
MussuloAngolafrom 207045.9K
  • Unnamed 2070–2100
TiomIndonesiafrom 204545.9K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
Unnamed centre near XiantaoChinauntil 198045.9K
  • Low confidence 1975–1980
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1980
  • Unnamed 1975–1980
Bani `AmrYemenfrom 202045.9K
  • Low confidence 2020–2100
  • Population jump 2030
  • Built share under 1% 2020–2065
  • Area under 5 km² 2020–2025
AmbakiramyMadagascarfrom 208545.9K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
MushakiDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 206545.9K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
LongtaiChinauntil 200545.9K
  • Low confidence 1975–2000
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–2005
AngetuEthiopiafrom 203545.9K
  • Low confidence 2035–2100
ShimbirKenyafrom 204045.9K
  • Low confidence 2040–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2040–2100
GakemNigeriafrom 205545.9K
  • Unnamed 2055–2100
EkanomIndonesiafrom 206545.9K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
Unnamed centre near Ile-IfeNigeriafrom 205545.9K
  • Low confidence 2055–2100
  • Unnamed 2055–2100
BilbeisEgyptfrom 202545.9K
  • Unnamed 2025–2100
GuleleEthiopiafrom 209545.9K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
ManzauDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 208545.9K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
MukabuyeTanzaniafrom 209545.9K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
KhabzanYemenfrom 206545.9K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
SambembeDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 207045.9K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
Unnamed centre near BatarashiBangladeshfrom 204545.9K
  • Unnamed 2045–2100
AkoboSouth Sudanfrom 202545.8K
  • Low confidence 2025–2035
DevarakondaIndiafrom 199545.8K
  • Area under 5 km² 1995–2000
Unnamed centre in SudanSudanfrom 207545.8K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
  • Unnamed 2075–2100
KokoyidingaChadfrom 210045.8K
  • Low confidence 2100
MusawaNigeriafrom 204045.8K
  • Unnamed 2040–2100
GoniriNigeriafrom 209045.8K
  • Unnamed 2090–2100
Unnamed centre near SheoharIndiafrom 203545.8K
  • Unnamed 2035–2100
TongoEthiopiafrom 204045.8K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
Unnamed centre near SakeDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 207045.8K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
  • Unnamed 2070–2100
Unnamed centre near Oke-AgbeNigeriafrom 203545.8K
  • Unnamed 2035–2100
DakaEthiopiafrom 204545.8K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2045
Unnamed centre near NyalaSudanfrom 205545.8K
  • Low confidence 2055–2100
  • Unnamed 2055–2100
La MayaCuba1995–202545.8K
  • Area under 5 km² 1995–2025
Unnamed centre near TullusSudanfrom 204545.8K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
  • Unnamed 2045–2100
Unnamed centre near AmbatondrazakaMadagascarfrom 205045.8K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2050–2100
  • Unnamed 2050–2100
BossoNigerfrom 209545.8K
  • Area under 5 km² 2095–2100
NyanzigeTanzaniafrom 210045.8K
  • Low confidence 2100
Unnamed centre near LikasiDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 203045.8K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
  • Unnamed 2030–2100
TsingoniMayottefrom 210045.8K
  • Low confidence 2100
Abū ŢishtEgyptuntil 201545.8K
  • Unnamed 1975–2015
KutigiNigeriafrom 205545.8K
  • Unnamed 2055–2100
AggiNigeriafrom 207045.7K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
TapaktuanIndonesiauntil 198045.7K
  • Low confidence 1975–1980
EketNigeriafrom 205545.7K
  • Unnamed 2055–2100
LishiChina2000–200545.7K
  • Low confidence 2000–2005
  • Area under 5 km² 2000–2005
Unnamed centre in South SudanSouth Sudanfrom 207545.7K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
  • Unnamed 2075–2100
Ash ShuqayrahYemenfrom 203045.7K
  • Low confidence 2030–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2030–2035
Toba Tek SinghPakistanfrom 206045.7K
  • Unnamed 2060–2100
YifengChinauntil 205045.7K
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1980
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the CongoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 206045.7K
  • Unnamed 2060–2100
MadimbaTanzaniafrom 209045.7K
  • Unnamed 2090–2100
Liemo GientoEthiopiafrom 207045.7K
  • Low confidence 2100