Data & methods

Data review

Nothing is filtered out of The Urban World. Every urban centre in GHS-WUP R2025A appears in the rankings, search, the directory and on the map, with the figures JRC published and their confidence beside them.

This page lists the centres that trip at least one diagnostic rule: low confidence, population jumps, tiny or barely built footprints, missing names. It is the working surface for deciding whether a curation rule is ever needed. How each rule is defined.

5,563 of 21,777 urban centres trip at least one rule.

5,563 centres· showing 5,001–5,100

Urban centre Country Exists Population Rules (epochs)
Qal‘ah-ye FārsīAfghanistanfrom 202539.6K
  • Low confidence 2025–2100
  • Population jump 2030
  • Built share under 1% 2025–2060
  • Area under 5 km² 2025
  • Unnamed 2025–2100
KotturuIndia2015–201539.6K
  • Area under 5 km² 2015
DekaEthiopiafrom 205039.6K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2050–2075
Bakwa KamunuDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 207539.6K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
UsaihatIndia2010–201039.6K
  • Area under 5 km² 2010
ShumbaTanzaniafrom 204039.6K
  • Low confidence 2090–2100
JalrēzAfghanistanfrom 203539.5K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2035
  • Unnamed 2035–2100
ChumoTanzaniafrom 210039.5K
  • Low confidence 2100
LokorechokeSouth Sudanfrom 210039.5K
  • Low confidence 2100
Unnamed centre near BojeNigeriafrom 206539.5K
  • Unnamed 2065–2100
Unguwar FulaniNigeriafrom 203039.5K
  • Area under 5 km² 2030–2040
DirbishiNigeriafrom 205039.5K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2050–2100
GellaNigeriafrom 206539.5K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
  • Unnamed 2065–2100
QurchiAfghanistanfrom 207039.5K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2070–2085
  • Tiny footprint 2070–2100
YagagiNigerfrom 208039.5K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2080–2100
Unnamed centre near FungurumeDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 209039.5K
  • Low confidence 2100
  • Unnamed 2090–2100
ChaheChinauntil 197539.5K
  • Low confidence 1975
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
Magram KebilChadfrom 205039.5K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
Al HadarIraqfrom 204039.5K
  • Low confidence 2040–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2040–2055
MorikiNigeriafrom 206039.5K
  • Area under 5 km² 2060–2100
  • Tiny footprint 2060–2100
  • Unnamed 2060–2100
TaochengChinauntil 203039.5K
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1990
Unnamed centre in NigerNigerfrom 207539.5K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2075–2100
  • Tiny footprint 2075–2100
  • Unnamed 2075–2100
ZhengheChinauntil 201039.5K
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1980, 2000–2005
RéréwaNigerfrom 208039.5K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
Fu’anChina2020–203539.4K
  • Low confidence 2020–2035
  • Area under 5 km² 2020–2035
  • Tiny footprint 2020–2035
  • Small and dense in 2025 2025
  • Unnamed 2020–2035
Tabafat ToudouNigerfrom 209539.4K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2095–2100
DelEthiopiafrom 208039.4K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2080–2100
PirganjBangladeshuntil 198539.4K
  • Low confidence 1975
KuraoliIndia2005–201539.4K
  • Area under 5 km² 2005–2015
Unnamed centre near LueboDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 210039.4K
  • Low confidence 2100
  • Unnamed 2100
NzamNigeriafrom 207039.4K
  • Area under 5 km² 2070–2100
  • Tiny footprint 2070–2100
Puni-PuniDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 208039.4K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
Serim-BirkéSudan2000–201539.4K
  • Low confidence 2000–2015
  • Area under 5 km² 2000–2010
Ledong Li Autonomous CountyChina1995–199539.4K
  • Area under 5 km² 1995
  • Tiny footprint 1995
EpankoTanzaniafrom 210039.3K
  • Low confidence 2100
AlmarAfghanistanfrom 203039.3K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
RannNigeriafrom 204539.3K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2045–2100
DumbaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 210039.3K
  • Low confidence 2100
GoudompSenegalfrom 208039.3K
  • Area under 5 km² 2080–2100
TeminabuanIndonesiafrom 206039.3K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
Al MaqtarYemenfrom 202039.3K
  • Low confidence 2020–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2020–2055
  • Area under 5 km² 2020–2025
  • Small and dense in 2025 2025
KikukuDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 210039.3K
  • Area under 5 km² 2100
Kuach-Thiang (Nibnib)Ethiopiafrom 207039.3K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2070–2085
FujiaChinauntil 198539.3K
  • Low confidence 1975–1985
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1985
  • Tiny footprint 1975–1985
XiufengChina2000–200039.3K
  • Low confidence 2000
  • Unnamed 2000
NaoCentral African Republicfrom 206539.3K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2065–2100
  • Tiny footprint 2065–2100
OjobaNigeriafrom 204539.3K
  • Area under 5 km² 2045–2100
GuanlingChinauntil 199539.3K
  • Low confidence 1975–1985
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1995
  • Tiny footprint 1975–1995
ShijiangChinauntil 197539.3K
  • Low confidence 1975
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
Kamba-KalaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 208539.3K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
GuriNigeriafrom 207539.3K
  • Area under 5 km² 2075–2100
JidadSudanfrom 205539.2K
  • Low confidence 2055–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2055
ElilaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 202539.2K
  • Area under 5 km² 2025
CaungulaAngolafrom 204039.2K
  • Low confidence 2040–2100
Sabadou-BaranamaGuineafrom 206039.2K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2060–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the CongoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 207039.2K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2070–2085
  • Tiny footprint 2070–2100
  • Unnamed 2070–2100
SadasivpetIndia2010–201539.2K
  • Area under 5 km² 2010–2015
  • Tiny footprint 2010–2015
FatehpuraIndia1995–200539.2K
  • Low confidence 1995–2005
  • Area under 5 km² 1995–2005
  • Tiny footprint 1995–2005
OgbakumaNigeriafrom 205539.2K
  • Low confidence 2090–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2055–2100
Bena-DibondoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 209039.2K
  • Low confidence 2090–2100
RahatgarhIndiafrom 203039.2K
  • Area under 5 km² 2030–2100
TekkaliIndiafrom 199539.2K
  • Area under 5 km² 1995–2030
TshimbaoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 208539.2K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
Unnamed centre near DimtuEthiopiafrom 204039.2K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2040–2060
  • Unnamed 2040–2100
KafankumbaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 207039.1K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2070–2100
Sapo-SapoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 204539.1K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
LemuNigeriafrom 208539.1K
  • Unnamed 2085–2100
MubarekEthiopiafrom 202539.1K
  • Low confidence 2025–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2025–2100
  • Small and dense 2025–2100
Camp de Réfugiés de MiléChadfrom 206039.1K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
TetelleEthiopiafrom 205039.1K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2050–2100
GazoleIndiauntil 198539.1K
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1980
PimbiDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 207039.1K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
CadaleSomaliafrom 204539.1K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2045–2060
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the CongoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 205039.1K
  • Low confidence 2055–2100
  • Unnamed 2050–2100
SuruNigeriafrom 206039.1K
  • Area under 5 km² 2060–2100
KushtagiIndia2015–201539.1K
  • Area under 5 km² 2015
KoumbanGuineafrom 207539.0K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2075–2100
SalakatiIndia2055–207539.0K
  • Low confidence 2055–2075
  • Unnamed 2055–2075
KenduaBangladesh2000–201039.0K
  • Area under 5 km² 2000–2010
Unnamed centre near KaminaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 205539.0K
  • Low confidence 2055–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2055–2095
  • Tiny footprint 2055–2100
  • Unnamed 2055–2100
GandiNigeriafrom 207039.0K
  • Area under 5 km² 2070–2100
  • Unnamed 2070–2100
GopalpurBangladeshuntil 197539.0K
  • Low confidence 1975
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
  • Tiny footprint 1975
WangyangChinauntil 200039.0K
  • Low confidence 1975–1980
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–2000
JambakoNigeriafrom 204039.0K
  • Area under 5 km² 2040–2100
Unnamed centre near PatigiNigeriafrom 207039.0K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
  • Unnamed 2070–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the CongoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 208039.0K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2080–2100
  • Unnamed 2080–2100
LengweDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 206039.0K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2060–2085
Unnamed centre near MatundasiTanzaniafrom 208539.0K
  • Unnamed 2085–2100
TakabaKenyafrom 205039.0K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2050–2100
  • Tiny footprint 2050–2100
  • Unnamed 2050–2100
Birnin MagajiNigeriafrom 203039.0K
  • Unnamed 2030–2100
Al QaflahYemenfrom 203039.0K
  • Low confidence 2030–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2030–2060
Adis ZemenEthiopiauntil 197539.0K
  • Low confidence 1975
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
  • Tiny footprint 1975
SapweDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 207039.0K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2070
KanunkinaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 206039.0K
  • Area under 5 km² 2060–2100
TarbajKenyafrom 205038.9K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the CongoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 205538.9K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
  • Unnamed 2055–2100
KushtagiIndia2035–205538.9K
  • Area under 5 km² 2035–2055
KanzengaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 209538.9K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2095
Unnamed centre near Idaga HamusEthiopiafrom 208038.9K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2080–2100
  • Tiny footprint 2080–2100
  • Unnamed 2080–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the CongoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 208538.9K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2085–2100
  • Tiny footprint 2085–2100
  • Unnamed 2085–2100