Data & methods

Data review

Nothing is filtered out of The Urban World. Every urban centre in GHS-WUP R2025A appears in the rankings, search, the directory and on the map, with the figures JRC published and their confidence beside them.

This page lists the centres that trip at least one diagnostic rule: low confidence, population jumps, tiny or barely built footprints, missing names. It is the working surface for deciding whether a curation rule is ever needed. How each rule is defined.

5,563 of 21,777 urban centres trip at least one rule.

5,563 centres· showing 3,301–3,400

Urban centre Country Exists Population Rules (epochs)
ChinazUzbekistanfrom 207547.8K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
KanoniTanzaniafrom 207047.8K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
BaxtiyorchiUzbekistanfrom 208547.8K
  • Population jump 2100
Hijrat QatabirYemenfrom 205547.8K
  • Low confidence 2055–2100
SantrampurIndia1990–201047.8K
  • Area under 5 km² 1990–2010
Unnamed centre near DembaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 207547.8K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
  • Unnamed 2075–2100
Habil ar RaydahYemenfrom 204047.8K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
Unnamed centre near GandajikaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 204547.8K
  • Unnamed 2045–2100
BishekeTanzaniafrom 209047.8K
  • Low confidence 2100
DongshuanggouChinauntil 201547.8K
  • Low confidence 1975–1995
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1985
Pan MyaungMyanmarfrom 207047.8K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
BuhigweTanzaniafrom 207547.8K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
Chuhar JamaliPakistanfrom 203547.8K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
AqtashUzbekistanfrom 207047.8K
  • Low confidence 2070
  • Population jump 2085
ChisankaneZambiafrom 209547.7K
  • Unnamed 2095–2100
ArīshEgyptfrom 203047.7K
  • Unnamed 2030–2100
TshibindaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 202047.7K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2020–2025
  • Small and dense 2020–2100
Kuala EnokIndonesiafrom 203547.7K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
LunguzaTanzaniafrom 208047.7K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
MuenakaluDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 207047.7K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
Unnamed centre near KongoloDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 209547.7K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
  • Unnamed 2095–2100
ZhakouChinauntil 198047.7K
  • Low confidence 1975–1980
ZominUzbekistanfrom 203047.7K
  • Low confidence 2030
KulaNigeriafrom 206547.7K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2065–2100
LucungaAngolafrom 209047.7K
  • Low confidence 2090–2100
  • Unnamed 2090–2100
Loange VideoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 204547.7K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
Ounianga KebirChadfrom 208047.7K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
MichigEthiopiafrom 209547.7K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
Unnamed centre near NtcheuMozambiquefrom 206547.7K
  • Unnamed 2065–2100
MadawaNigerfrom 209047.7K
  • Low confidence 2090–2100
Al LagowaSudanuntil 201547.7K
  • Low confidence 1975–2010
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
RutshuruDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 205047.7K
  • Unnamed 2050–2100
Unnamed centre near CanzarDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 209547.7K
  • Unnamed 2095–2100
AmediIraqfrom 208047.6K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
Unnamed centre near Wad MedaniSudanfrom 207047.6K
  • Unnamed 2070–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the CongoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 205547.6K
  • Unnamed 2055–2100
AnderamboukaneMalifrom 206547.6K
  • Low confidence 2100
ContaiIndia2035–208047.6K
  • Unnamed 2035–2080
HebballiIndiauntil 199047.6K
  • Low confidence 1975–1990
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1990
  • Tiny footprint 1975–1990
Waghete TigiIndonesiafrom 203547.6K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the CongoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 209047.6K
  • Low confidence 2090–2100
  • Unnamed 2090–2100
UmbanongaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 208047.6K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
Igbara-OkeNigeriafrom 203047.6K
  • Unnamed 2030–2100
Unnamed centre near RwamaganaRwandafrom 208547.6K
  • Unnamed 2085–2100
MafingaTanzaniafrom 203547.6K
  • Low confidence 2035
Unnamed centre near Aḑ ḐumayrSyriafrom 202547.6K
  • Unnamed 2025–2100
Al FaoSudanuntil 201047.6K
  • Low confidence 1975–1985
Elele AliminiNigeriafrom 202547.6K
  • Area under 5 km² 2025–2040
Unnamed centre near Kafr az ZayyātEgyptfrom 205047.6K
  • Unnamed 2050–2100
PasabAfghanistanfrom 201547.6K
  • Low confidence 2015–2020, 2030, 2050–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2015–2020
IrbaEthiopiauntil 197547.6K
  • Low confidence 1975
  • Built share under 1% 1975
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
KinaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 203047.6K
  • Low confidence 2030–2100
RebukenPhilippinesuntil 199047.6K
  • Low confidence 1975–1990
  • Population jump 1990
  • Built share under 1% 1975–1990
Unnamed centre near MadagaliCameroonfrom 207547.6K
  • Low confidence 2090–2100
  • Unnamed 2075–2100
Unnamed centre near Ḩukūmat-e Nād ‘AlīAfghanistanfrom 204047.6K
  • Unnamed 2040–2100
MonirampurBangladesh1980–198047.6K
  • Low confidence 1980
  • Area under 5 km² 1980
Unnamed centre near NegolaAngolafrom 208547.6K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
  • Unnamed 2085–2100
ZangoNigeriafrom 203047.6K
  • Area under 5 km² 2030–2040
Unnamed centre near Hāgere SelamEthiopiafrom 207547.6K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
  • Unnamed 2075–2100
Unnamed centre near Al HayāthimSaudi Arabiafrom 206547.6K
  • Unnamed 2065–2100
DulayqSudan2010–201547.6K
  • Low confidence 2010–2015
K'OshimEthiopiafrom 209047.6K
  • Low confidence 2090–2100
Golungo AltoAngolafrom 204547.5K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
ManerIndiafrom 204047.5K
  • Unnamed 2040–2100
KaynaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 205547.5K
  • Unnamed 2055–2100
Unnamed centre in SudanSudanfrom 207047.5K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
  • Unnamed 2070–2100
MbululaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 202047.5K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2020–2025
OkpotububoNigeriafrom 205547.5K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
KiseleDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 208047.5K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
Unnamed centre in KenyaKenyafrom 205047.5K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
  • Unnamed 2050–2100
KhedbrahmaIndia2000–201547.5K
  • Area under 5 km² 2000–2005
KigomaTanzaniafrom 206547.5K
  • Population jump 2070
AmtadahYemenfrom 208547.5K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
Unnamed centre near BeledweyneSomaliafrom 209047.5K
  • Low confidence 2090–2100
  • Unnamed 2090–2100
GelelaEthiopiafrom 203547.5K
  • Low confidence 2035–2100
ShilaboEthiopiafrom 206047.5K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
ChakwaleTanzaniafrom 207047.5K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
Ndjoko-PundaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 205047.5K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
MuateamfuDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 204547.5K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
TshitokoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 203547.5K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
As SafihYemenfrom 202547.5K
  • Low confidence 2025–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2025–2075
  • Area under 5 km² 2025
RagagSudanfrom 208047.5K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2080–2090
  • Tiny footprint 2080–2100
Bani al Bayda'Yemenfrom 206047.5K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2060
MbigouGabonfrom 207047.5K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
ShuwayySudanfrom 201047.5K
  • Low confidence 2010–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2010–2065
Unnamed centre near Gogri JamālpurIndia2050–209547.5K
  • Unnamed 2050–2095
Guidan AlhasanNigeriafrom 204547.5K
  • Area under 5 km² 2045–2100
CarnificeHaitifrom 205547.4K
  • Low confidence 2060–2075
CaculaAngolafrom 205547.4K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
Kirgui BougajéNigerfrom 208547.4K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
Unnamed centre near MailsiPakistanfrom 205547.4K
  • Unnamed 2055–2100
Unnamed centre near ḎanḏarAfghanistanfrom 203547.4K
  • Low confidence 2035–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2035–2060
  • Unnamed 2035–2100
WumingChinauntil 198047.4K
  • Low confidence 1975–1980
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1980
Unnamed centre near KerchaEthiopiafrom 209547.4K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
  • Unnamed 2095–2100
گردنه حوتقولAfghanistanuntil 198047.4K
  • Low confidence 1975–1980
  • Built share under 1% 1975–1980
Kamba-KaleleDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 205547.4K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
ShinileEthiopiafrom 203047.4K
  • Low confidence 2030–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2030
ChokochoNigeriafrom 205547.4K
  • Population jump 2065
Unnamed centre near GoddaIndiafrom 203547.4K
  • Unnamed 2035–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the CongoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 203047.4K
  • Low confidence 2030–2100
  • Unnamed 2030–2100