Data & methods

Data review

Nothing is filtered out of The Urban World. Every urban centre in GHS-WUP R2025A appears in the rankings, search, the directory and on the map, with the figures JRC published and their confidence beside them.

This page lists the centres that trip at least one diagnostic rule: low confidence, population jumps, tiny or barely built footprints, missing names. It is the working surface for deciding whether a curation rule is ever needed. How each rule is defined.

5,563 of 21,777 urban centres trip at least one rule.

Boundary under 5 km²

1,855 centres flagged area under 5 km²· showing 801–900

Urban centre Country Exists Population Rules (epochs)
Mutombo-LamataDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 201548.6K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2015–2020
NathamIndia1975–210048.6K
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1985
ChangshanChinauntil 199548.6K
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1990
WokhaIndia1975–210048.6K
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1990
FenghuangChinauntil 201548.5K
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–2005
  • Tiny footprint 1975–2015
Ras KamboniSomaliafrom 205548.4K
  • Low confidence 2055–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2055
Haro DumalEthiopiafrom 202548.4K
  • Low confidence 2035–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2025
MukeboDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 208048.4K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2080–2100
XinfengChinauntil 199548.4K
  • Area under 5 km² 1985
DuacaVenezuelafrom 200548.3K
  • Area under 5 km² 2005–2025
GerdameEthiopiafrom 202048.3K
  • Low confidence 2020–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2020–2055
LinjiangChinauntil 200548.3K
  • Low confidence 1975–1985
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1990
Unnamed centre near Kara K’orēEthiopiafrom 204048.3K
  • Low confidence 2040–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2040–2100
  • Tiny footprint 2040–2100
  • Unnamed 2040–2100
JahunNigeriafrom 200548.3K
  • Area under 5 km² 2005–2025
Unnamed centre near LikasiDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 206048.3K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2060–2065
  • Unnamed 2060–2100
BalleyaraNiger2000–201048.2K
  • Area under 5 km² 2000
SakjuNorth Koreauntil 209548.2K
  • Low confidence 1975–2015
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–2095
LingchuanChina1980–204548.2K
  • Area under 5 km² 1980–1985
MurneiSudan1985–201548.2K
  • Low confidence 1985–2000
  • Area under 5 km² 1985–2005
TiandengChinauntil 199548.2K
  • Low confidence 1975
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1980
LutouChinauntil 199048.1K
  • Low confidence 1975–1990
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1990
  • Tiny footprint 1975–1990
HarardhereSomaliafrom 200548.1K
  • Low confidence 2005–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2005–2075
CadeygaSomaliafrom 205548.0K
  • Low confidence 2055–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2055–2065
BalarampurIndiafrom 200548.0K
  • Area under 5 km² 2005–2015
SokuNigeriafrom 201548.0K
  • Low confidence 2015–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2015–2045
  • Small and dense in 2025 2025
Lawng HkangMyanmaruntil 207547.9K
  • Low confidence 1975
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1995
KhangarhPakistan2005–201547.9K
  • Area under 5 km² 2005–2015
HarurIndia2000–201547.8K
  • Area under 5 km² 2000–2015
HuiningChinauntil 204047.8K
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
SantrampurIndia1990–201047.8K
  • Area under 5 km² 1990–2010
DongshuanggouChinauntil 201547.8K
  • Low confidence 1975–1995
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1985
TshibindaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 202047.7K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2020–2025
  • Small and dense 2020–2100
KulaNigeriafrom 206547.7K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2065–2100
Al LagowaSudanuntil 201547.7K
  • Low confidence 1975–2010
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
HebballiIndiauntil 199047.6K
  • Low confidence 1975–1990
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1990
  • Tiny footprint 1975–1990
Elele AliminiNigeriafrom 202547.6K
  • Area under 5 km² 2025–2040
PasabAfghanistanfrom 201547.6K
  • Low confidence 2015–2020, 2030, 2050–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2015–2020
IrbaEthiopiauntil 197547.6K
  • Low confidence 1975
  • Built share under 1% 1975
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
MonirampurBangladesh1980–198047.6K
  • Low confidence 1980
  • Area under 5 km² 1980
ZangoNigeriafrom 203047.6K
  • Area under 5 km² 2030–2040
MbululaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 202047.5K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2020–2025
KhedbrahmaIndia2000–201547.5K
  • Area under 5 km² 2000–2005
As SafihYemenfrom 202547.5K
  • Low confidence 2025–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2025–2075
  • Area under 5 km² 2025
RagagSudanfrom 208047.5K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2080–2090
  • Tiny footprint 2080–2100
ShuwayySudanfrom 201047.5K
  • Low confidence 2010–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2010–2065
Guidan AlhasanNigeriafrom 204547.5K
  • Area under 5 km² 2045–2100
WumingChinauntil 198047.4K
  • Low confidence 1975–1980
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1980
ShinileEthiopiafrom 203047.4K
  • Low confidence 2030–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2030
Unnamed centre near KipambaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 206047.4K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2060–2090
  • Unnamed 2060–2100
NattukalIndiauntil 201047.4K
  • Low confidence 1975–1980
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
WuduChinauntil 200047.3K
  • Low confidence 1975
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
TaiheChinauntil 201047.3K
  • Low confidence 1975–2010
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–2010
  • Unnamed 1975–2010
YindiDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 208547.3K
  • Area under 5 km² 2085–2100
SujawalPakistanfrom 201547.3K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2015
ChenchangChinauntil 197547.2K
  • Low confidence 1975
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
WeretaEthiopiauntil 197547.2K
  • Low confidence 1975
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
  • Tiny footprint 1975
WegedaEthiopiauntil 197547.2K
  • Low confidence 1975
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
HababahYemenfrom 202547.2K
  • Low confidence 2025–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2025–2075
DamasakNigeria2015–201547.2K
  • Area under 5 km² 2015
HouzhuangcunChina2020–209047.1K
  • Low confidence 2020–2090
  • Built share under 1% 2020–2090
  • Area under 5 km² 2020–2090
  • Tiny footprint 2020–2090
  • Small and dense in 2025 2025
KondobeiSudanfrom 207547.1K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2075
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the CongoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 209547.1K
  • Area under 5 km² 2095–2100
  • Unnamed 2095–2100
JambusarIndiafrom 201547.1K
  • Area under 5 km² 2015–2020
AtmakurIndiafrom 200547.1K
  • Area under 5 km² 2005–2100
BeheaIndiafrom 201047.1K
  • Area under 5 km² 2010–2025
TendukhedaIndiafrom 200547.0K
  • Low confidence 2005–2010
  • Area under 5 km² 2005–2010
FerferEthiopiafrom 202547.0K
  • Low confidence 2025–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2025–2100
  • Small and dense 2025–2100
TaywaraAfghanistanfrom 203047.0K
  • Low confidence 2030–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2030–2040
  • Area under 5 km² 2030
SangyingChina1995–200047.0K
  • Area under 5 km² 1995–2000
DingjiaChinauntil 199547.0K
  • Low confidence 1975–1995
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1995
JiangkouChinauntil 202046.9K
  • Low confidence 1975–2020
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–2020
  • Tiny footprint 1975–2020
ShailkupaBangladeshuntil 198546.9K
  • Low confidence 1975
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
MubiDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 202546.9K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2025–2040
ŌkakAfghanistanfrom 208546.9K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2085
  • Unnamed 2085–2100
ShengliChinauntil 197546.9K
  • Low confidence 1975
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
BaghanIranfrom 202546.9K
  • Low confidence 2025–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2025–2100
GebeitSudanfrom 205046.8K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2050–2085
  • Unnamed 2050–2100
BuuraneSomaliafrom 205046.8K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2050
PakiNigeriafrom 204046.8K
  • Area under 5 km² 2040–2100
HuayingChinauntil 202546.8K
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
Bore HoleKenyafrom 204046.8K
  • Low confidence 2040–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2040–2100
FaskariNigeriafrom 207046.8K
  • Area under 5 km² 2070–2100
  • Unnamed 2070–2100
HirakudIndiafrom 199546.7K
  • Area under 5 km² 1995–2100
Umo DiogoNigeriafrom 205046.7K
  • Area under 5 km² 2050–2100
ShebeEthiopiafrom 204046.7K
  • Low confidence 2070–2075
  • Area under 5 km² 2040–2075
ShouningChina1980–199546.6K
  • Low confidence 1980–1995
  • Area under 5 km² 1980–1995
PalamaneruIndiafrom 199546.6K
  • Area under 5 km² 1995–2005
ChinnamanurIndiafrom 201046.5K
  • Area under 5 km² 2010–2030
BuullowSomaliafrom 204046.5K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2040–2055
UmerkoteIndiafrom 199546.5K
  • Area under 5 km² 1995
WargadudKenyafrom 202046.5K
  • Low confidence 2030–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2020–2100
UnryulNorth Koreafrom 199546.5K
  • Low confidence 1995–2005
  • Area under 5 km² 1995–2100
LasemIndonesiauntil 203546.5K
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
YayuEthiopiafrom 204046.5K
  • Area under 5 km² 2040–2045
FranwaliaGuineafrom 205046.4K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2050–2060
Al JarashahYemenfrom 205046.4K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2050
HuseEthiopiafrom 205046.4K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2050–2100
  • Tiny footprint 2050–2100
GaoshaChinauntil 203546.4K
  • Low confidence 1975–1980
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–2000
DessalinesHaitifrom 202046.4K
  • Area under 5 km² 2020–2035
Shri MadhopurIndia1990–201546.4K
  • Area under 5 km² 1990–1995