Data review

Nothing is filtered out of The Urban World. Every urban centre in GHS-WUP R2025A appears in the rankings, search, the directory and on the map, with the figures JRC published and their confidence beside them.

This page lists the centres that trip at least one diagnostic rule: low confidence, population jumps, tiny or barely built footprints, missing names. It is the working surface for deciding whether a curation rule is ever needed. How each rule is defined.

5,563 of 21,777 urban centres trip at least one rule.

JRC confidence 0: population outside 25-400% of the ensemble estimate

Country

3,475 centres flagged low confidence· showing 3,301–3,400

Urban centre	Country	Exists	Population	Rules (epochs)
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2075	36.5K	Low confidence 2075–2100 Area under 5 km² 2075–2100 Tiny footprint 2075–2100 Unnamed 2075–2100
Unnamed centre near Rahad al Bardi	Sudan	from 2060	36.5K	Low confidence 2060–2100 Area under 5 km² 2060–2085 Tiny footprint 2060–2100 Unnamed 2060–2100
Al `Inan	Yemen	from 2025	36.5K	Low confidence 2025–2100 Area under 5 km² 2025–2040
Zhoulaozui	China	until 1975	36.5K	Low confidence 1975 Area under 5 km² 1975
Unnamed centre near Sang-e Māshah	Afghanistan	until 1975	36.5K	Low confidence 1975 Built share under 1% 1975 Area under 5 km² 1975 Tiny footprint 1975 Unnamed 1975
Gololey	Somalia	from 2070	36.5K	Low confidence 2070–2100 Population jump 2075 Area under 5 km² 2070
Kemba	Ethiopia	from 2025	36.5K	Low confidence 2025–2100 Area under 5 km² 2025
Naboun	Guinea	from 2090	36.4K	Low confidence 2095–2100 Area under 5 km² 2090–2100
Sirsā	India	until 1975	36.4K	Low confidence 1975 Area under 5 km² 1975 Tiny footprint 1975 Unnamed 1975
Farriar	Venezuela	2015–2015	36.4K	Low confidence 2015 Area under 5 km² 2015 Unnamed 2015
Laayoune	Western Sahara	from 2025	36.4K	Low confidence 2025–2100 Built share under 1% 2025–2060
Unnamed centre near Adogo	Nigeria	from 2075	36.4K	Low confidence 2075–2100 Area under 5 km² 2075–2100 Unnamed 2075–2100
Matamir	Sudan	from 2030	36.4K	Low confidence 2030–2100 Area under 5 km² 2030–2080
Faidh El Botma	Algeria	from 2035	36.4K	Low confidence 2075–2100 Area under 5 km² 2035–2100 Tiny footprint 2035–2100
Apgangnodongja-gu	North Korea	1980–1980	36.3K	Low confidence 1980
Unnamed centre near Likasi	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2095	36.3K	Low confidence 2095–2100 Area under 5 km² 2095–2100 Tiny footprint 2095–2100 Unnamed 2095–2100
Mwashya	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2080	36.3K	Low confidence 2080–2100 Area under 5 km² 2080–2100 Tiny footprint 2080–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2095	36.3K	Low confidence 2095–2100 Area under 5 km² 2095–2100 Tiny footprint 2095–2100 Unnamed 2095–2100
Ogu-Ikpele	Nigeria	from 2060	36.2K	Low confidence 2060–2100 Area under 5 km² 2060–2100 Tiny footprint 2060–2100
Dewele	Ethiopia	from 2085	36.2K	Low confidence 2085–2100 Area under 5 km² 2085–2100 Tiny footprint 2085–2100
Lilownai	Pakistan	2000–2005	36.2K	Low confidence 2000–2005 Area under 5 km² 2000–2005 Tiny footprint 2000–2005
Laayoune	Western Sahara	2015–2015	36.1K	Low confidence 2015 Built share under 1% 2015 Area under 5 km² 2015
Unnamed centre near Mwene	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2085	36.1K	Low confidence 2085–2100 Area under 5 km² 2085–2100 Tiny footprint 2085–2100 Unnamed 2085–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2025	36.1K	Low confidence 2060–2100 Area under 5 km² 2025 Unnamed 2025–2100
Keysampwe	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2080	36.1K	Low confidence 2080–2100 Area under 5 km² 2080–2090 Tiny footprint 2080–2100
Korendile	Kenya	from 2060	36.1K	Low confidence 2060–2100 Area under 5 km² 2060–2100
Apgangnodongja-gu	North Korea	2000–2005	36.1K	Low confidence 2000
Burām	Sudan	from 2085	36.1K	Low confidence 2085–2100 Area under 5 km² 2085–2100 Tiny footprint 2085–2100 Unnamed 2085–2100
Al-Kowsar	Somalia	from 2040	36.0K	Low confidence 2040–2100 Area under 5 km² 2040–2060
Nâ-tirjé	Niger	from 2090	36.0K	Low confidence 2090–2100
Tshiwewe	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2100	36.0K	Low confidence 2100
Lixing	China	until 1985	36.0K	Low confidence 1975–1985 Area under 5 km² 1975–1985 Tiny footprint 1975–1985
Mobanga	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2050	36.0K	Low confidence 2050–2100 Area under 5 km² 2050–2075 Tiny footprint 2050–2100
Angulama	Nigeria	from 2070	35.9K	Low confidence 2070–2100 Area under 5 km² 2070–2100 Tiny footprint 2070–2100
Debre Work	Ethiopia	until 1975	35.9K	Low confidence 1975 Area under 5 km² 1975 Tiny footprint 1975
Zhenxiabo	China	2000–2000	35.8K	Low confidence 2000 Area under 5 km² 2000
Tejo	Ethiopia	from 2065	35.8K	Low confidence 2065–2100 Area under 5 km² 2065–2100
Ganyi	China	until 1975	35.8K	Low confidence 1975 Area under 5 km² 1975 Tiny footprint 1975
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2025	35.7K	Low confidence 2065–2100 Area under 5 km² 2025–2055 Unnamed 2025–2100
Beya-Bwanga	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2075	35.7K	Low confidence 2075–2100 Area under 5 km² 2075–2100 Tiny footprint 2075–2100
Kiowe	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2060	35.7K	Low confidence 2060–2100 Population jump 2065 Area under 5 km² 2060
Fentai	China	until 1975	35.6K	Low confidence 1975 Area under 5 km² 1975 Tiny footprint 1975
Wakama	Nigeria	from 2060	35.5K	Low confidence 2075–2100 Area under 5 km² 2060–2100 Tiny footprint 2060–2100
Unnamed centre near Wagar	Sudan	from 2045	35.5K	Low confidence 2045–2100 Area under 5 km² 2045–2100 Tiny footprint 2045–2100 Unnamed 2045–2100
Dayang	China	until 1980	35.5K	Low confidence 1975–1980 Area under 5 km² 1975–1980
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2060	35.5K	Low confidence 2060–2100 Area under 5 km² 2060–2080 Unnamed 2060–2100
Unnamed centre near Bukama	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2100	35.5K	Low confidence 2100 Unnamed 2100
Mulongo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2065	35.5K	Low confidence 2065–2100 Area under 5 km² 2065–2080 Unnamed 2065–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2055	35.5K	Low confidence 2055–2100 Unnamed 2055–2100
Muyumba	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2065	35.4K	Low confidence 2065–2100 Area under 5 km² 2065–2090 Tiny footprint 2065–2100
Lulonga	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2040	35.3K	Low confidence 2045–2100
Gnanmangui	Côte d'Ivoire	from 2060	35.3K	Low confidence 2100 Area under 5 km² 2060–2100 Unnamed 2060–2100
Raffa	Niger	from 2060	35.3K	Low confidence 2060–2100 Area under 5 km² 2060–2100
Mariahu	India	until 1985	35.3K	Low confidence 1975–1980 Area under 5 km² 1975–1985 Tiny footprint 1975–1985
Unnamed centre near Kapoeta	South Sudan	from 2065	35.2K	Low confidence 2065–2100 Unnamed 2065–2100
Kangnam	North Korea	until 1975	35.2K	Low confidence 1975 Area under 5 km² 1975
Unnamed centre in Sudan	Sudan	from 2080	35.2K	Low confidence 2080–2100 Area under 5 km² 2080–2100 Unnamed 2080–2100
Ejere	Ethiopia	from 2025	35.2K	Low confidence 2085–2100 Area under 5 km² 2025–2030
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2085	35.2K	Low confidence 2085–2100 Area under 5 km² 2085–2100 Unnamed 2085–2100
Wangqiao	China	until 1980	35.2K	Low confidence 1975–1980 Area under 5 km² 1975–1980 Tiny footprint 1975–1980
Mulongo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2025	35.1K	Low confidence 2025–2100 Area under 5 km² 2025–2070 Tiny footprint 2025–2100 Unnamed 2025–2100
Unnamed centre near Shenyang	China	until 1975	35.0K	Low confidence 1975 Area under 5 km² 1975 Tiny footprint 1975 Unnamed 1975
Unnamed centre near Likasi	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2065	35.0K	Low confidence 2065–2100 Area under 5 km² 2065–2075 Unnamed 2065–2100
Luremo	Angola	from 2055	35.0K	Low confidence 2060–2100 Area under 5 km² 2055–2080
Hebian	China	until 2000	35.0K	Low confidence 1975–2000 Population jump 1990 Area under 5 km² 1975–2000 Tiny footprint 1975–2000
Unnamed centre near Jiangzhou	China	until 1980	34.9K	Low confidence 1975–1980 Area under 5 km² 1975–1980 Tiny footprint 1975–1980 Unnamed 1975–1980
Katshambuyu	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2050	34.9K	Low confidence 2050–2100 Area under 5 km² 2050–2085 Tiny footprint 2050–2100
Muyumba	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2070	34.8K	Low confidence 2070–2100 Area under 5 km² 2070–2100 Tiny footprint 2070–2100
Unnamed centre near Tshikapa	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2090	34.8K	Low confidence 2090–2100 Area under 5 km² 2090–2100 Tiny footprint 2090–2100 Unnamed 2090–2100
Khoshi	Afghanistan	from 2050	34.7K	Low confidence 2060–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2075	34.7K	Low confidence 2075–2100 Area under 5 km² 2075–2100 Tiny footprint 2075–2100 Unnamed 2075–2100
Katendeji 2	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2070	34.7K	Low confidence 2070–2100
Tomogbene	Nigeria	from 2085	34.7K	Low confidence 2085–2100 Area under 5 km² 2085–2100
Shamwana	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2095	34.6K	Low confidence 2095–2100 Population jump 2100 Area under 5 km² 2095
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2060	34.6K	Low confidence 2060–2100 Area under 5 km² 2060–2095 Tiny footprint 2060–2100 Unnamed 2060–2100
Wukro Maray	Ethiopia	from 2030	34.6K	Low confidence 2030–2100 Area under 5 km² 2030–2095 Tiny footprint 2030–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2085	34.5K	Low confidence 2085–2100 Area under 5 km² 2085–2100 Tiny footprint 2085–2100 Unnamed 2085–2100
Lombe	Angola	from 2065	34.5K	Low confidence 2080–2100
Belitu	Ethiopia	from 2075	34.4K	Low confidence 2075–2100 Area under 5 km² 2075–2100
Zarajah	Yemen	from 2065	34.4K	Low confidence 2065, 2075–2100 Area under 5 km² 2065
Siyana	India	1975–2100	34.4K	Low confidence 1975–1980 Area under 5 km² 1975–2025
Bukama	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2070	34.3K	Low confidence 2070–2100 Area under 5 km² 2070–2085 Tiny footprint 2070–2100 Unnamed 2070–2100
Kikunga-Tembo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2095	34.3K	Low confidence 2095–2100 Area under 5 km² 2095–2100
Nioumachoua	Comoros	from 2085	34.3K	Low confidence 2085–2100 Area under 5 km² 2085–2100 Tiny footprint 2085–2100
Unnamed centre near Toliara	Madagascar	from 2020	34.2K	Low confidence 2020–2100 Built share under 1% 2020–2045 Area under 5 km² 2020–2040 Small and dense in 2025 2025 Unnamed 2020–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2090	34.1K	Low confidence 2090–2100 Area under 5 km² 2090–2100 Unnamed 2090–2100
Unnamed centre near Patigi	Nigeria	from 2065	34.1K	Low confidence 2065–2100 Area under 5 km² 2065–2100 Unnamed 2065–2100
Unnamed centre near Demba	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2100	34.1K	Low confidence 2100 Area under 5 km² 2100 Unnamed 2100
Kakopa	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2090	34.1K	Low confidence 2090–2100 Area under 5 km² 2090–2100 Tiny footprint 2090–2100
Dazhuang	China	until 1975	34.1K	Low confidence 1975 Area under 5 km² 1975
Benane	Kenya	from 2090	34.0K	Low confidence 2090–2100 Area under 5 km² 2090–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2055	34.0K	Low confidence 2055–2100 Area under 5 km² 2055–2100 Tiny footprint 2055–2100 Unnamed 2055–2100
Unnamed centre near Tshikapa	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2045	34.0K	Low confidence 2045–2100 Area under 5 km² 2045–2100 Tiny footprint 2045–2100 Unnamed 2045–2100
Ar Ram	Yemen	from 2010	33.9K	Low confidence 2010–2100 Population jump 2030 Built share under 1% 2010–2055 Area under 5 km² 2010–2025 Small and dense in 2025 2025
Quiculungo	Angola	from 2090	33.8K	Low confidence 2100 Population jump 2100 Area under 5 km² 2090–2095
Pande	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2050	33.8K	Low confidence 2060–2100 Area under 5 km² 2050–2075 Tiny footprint 2050–2100
Mwema	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2085	33.7K	Low confidence 2085–2100 Area under 5 km² 2085–2100
Kefole	Ethiopia	until 1975	33.7K	Low confidence 1975 Area under 5 km² 1975
Luebo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2085	33.7K	Low confidence 2085–2100 Area under 5 km² 2085–2100 Tiny footprint 2085–2100 Unnamed 2085–2100
Dongxi	China	until 1985	33.7K	Low confidence 1975–1985 Area under 5 km² 1975–1985