Data review

Nothing is filtered out of The Urban World. Every urban centre in GHS-WUP R2025A appears in the rankings, search, the directory and on the map, with the figures JRC published and their confidence beside them.

This page lists the centres that trip at least one diagnostic rule: low confidence, population jumps, tiny or barely built footprints, missing names. It is the working surface for deciding whether a curation rule is ever needed. How each rule is defined.

5,563 of 21,777 urban centres trip at least one rule.

JRC confidence 0: population outside 25-400% of the ensemble estimate

Country

3,475 centres flagged low confidence· showing 3,001–3,100

Urban centre	Country	Exists	Population	Rules (epochs)
Zhangjin	China	until 1995	40.3K	Low confidence 1975–1980 Area under 5 km² 1975–1990
Kakinga	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2085	40.3K	Low confidence 2085–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2045	40.3K	Low confidence 2055–2100 Unnamed 2045–2100
ዳባት	Ethiopia	until 1975	40.3K	Low confidence 1975 Area under 5 km² 1975 Tiny footprint 1975
Bomay	Afghanistan	from 2015	40.3K	Low confidence 2015–2100 Population jump 2040 Built share under 1% 2015–2045 Area under 5 km² 2015–2025
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2055	40.2K	Low confidence 2055–2100 Unnamed 2055–2100
Chiba	China	until 1975	40.2K	Low confidence 1975 Area under 5 km² 1975 Tiny footprint 1975
Domar	Bangladesh	until 1975	40.2K	Low confidence 1975 Area under 5 km² 1975 Tiny footprint 1975
Buq Aqable	Somalia	from 2075	40.2K	Low confidence 2075–2100
Haramka	Somalia	from 2040	40.2K	Low confidence 2040–2100 Area under 5 km² 2040–2070
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2090	40.2K	Low confidence 2090–2100 Area under 5 km² 2090–2100 Tiny footprint 2090–2100 Unnamed 2090–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2070	40.2K	Low confidence 2070–2100 Unnamed 2070–2100
Jeerow	Somalia	from 2050	40.2K	Low confidence 2050–2100 Area under 5 km² 2050–2065
Mwin Mena	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2100	40.2K	Low confidence 2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2100	40.2K	Low confidence 2100 Unnamed 2100
Ndrondroni	Comoros	from 2085	40.2K	Low confidence 2085–2100 Area under 5 km² 2085–2100
Mkokotoni	Tanzania	from 2070	40.2K	Low confidence 2080–2100 Area under 5 km² 2070–2100 Unnamed 2070–2100
Sugapa	Indonesia	from 2035	40.1K	Low confidence 2035–2100 Unnamed 2035–2100
Dikulwe	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2080	40.1K	Low confidence 2080–2100 Area under 5 km² 2080–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2075	40.1K	Low confidence 2075–2100 Area under 5 km² 2075–2100 Unnamed 2075–2100
Unnamed centre near Markaz-e Sayyidābād	Afghanistan	from 2090	40.1K	Low confidence 2090–2100 Area under 5 km² 2090–2100 Unnamed 2090–2100
Mubaarak	Somalia	from 2025	40.1K	Low confidence 2025–2100 Area under 5 km² 2025–2050
Gölköy	Turkey	until 1990	40.1K	Low confidence 1975–1990 Built share under 1% 1975–1990
Danaba	Kenya	from 2030	40.1K	Low confidence 2030–2100 Area under 5 km² 2030–2100 Tiny footprint 2030–2100
Matnah	Yemen	from 2035	40.1K	Low confidence 2035–2100 Area under 5 km² 2035–2055 Unnamed 2035–2100
Sebo Nzobe	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2040	40.0K	Low confidence 2055–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2065	40.0K	Low confidence 2075–2100 Area under 5 km² 2065–2085 Unnamed 2065–2100
Dushan	China	until 1995	40.0K	Low confidence 1975–1995 Area under 5 km² 1975–1995
البحر الأحمر	Sudan	from 2010	40.0K	Low confidence 2010–2100 Area under 5 km² 2010–2060 Tiny footprint 2010–2100
Unnamed centre near Sang-e Māshah	Afghanistan	until 1975	40.0K	Low confidence 1975 Built share under 1% 1975 Area under 5 km² 1975 Tiny footprint 1975 Unnamed 1975
‘Alāqahdārī-ye Almār	Afghanistan	from 2070	40.0K	Low confidence 2070–2100 Area under 5 km² 2070–2080 Unnamed 2070–2100
Matadi	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2050	40.0K	Low confidence 2060–2100
Poji	China	until 1975	40.0K	Low confidence 1975 Built share under 1% 1975 Area under 5 km² 1975 Tiny footprint 1975
Lwamba	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2040	40.0K	Low confidence 2040–2100
Necuto	Angola	from 2060	40.0K	Low confidence 2060–2100
Unnamed centre near Mweka	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2095	39.9K	Low confidence 2095–2100 Unnamed 2095–2100
Shuanggou	China	until 1985	39.9K	Low confidence 1975–1980 Area under 5 km² 1975–1985
Shuiyang	China	until 1975	39.9K	Low confidence 1975 Area under 5 km² 1975
Buramino	Ethiopia	from 2055	39.9K	Low confidence 2055–2100
Tshimbundu	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2060	39.9K	Low confidence 2065–2100
Zarema	Ethiopia	from 2050	39.9K	Low confidence 2050–2100 Area under 5 km² 2050–2100
Kukaadi 2	Somalia	from 2080	39.9K	Low confidence 2080–2100 Population jump 2085
Liangshui	China	1985–2025	39.9K	Low confidence 1985–2025 Built share under 1% 1985–2005 Area under 5 km² 2025
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2075	39.9K	Low confidence 2075–2100 Unnamed 2075–2100
Tshimwefu	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2095	39.9K	Low confidence 2095–2100
Luchazes	Angola	from 2055	39.9K	Low confidence 2055–2100 Area under 5 km² 2055–2075
Hazm	Yemen	from 2025	39.9K	Low confidence 2025–2100 Area under 5 km² 2025–2045
Makena	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2070	39.8K	Low confidence 2070–2100 Area under 5 km² 2070–2100 Tiny footprint 2070–2100
Kalunga	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2090	39.8K	Low confidence 2090–2100
Enarotali	Indonesia	from 2040	39.8K	Low confidence 2060–2100 Unnamed 2040–2100
Tawalala	Niger	from 2080	39.8K	Low confidence 2080–2100
Fakirhat	Bangladesh	1995–2005	39.8K	Low confidence 1995–2005 Area under 5 km² 1995–2005 Tiny footprint 1995–2005
Awurada	Ethiopia	from 2045	39.8K	Low confidence 2050–2100
Unnamed centre near Kipamba	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2045	39.8K	Low confidence 2050–2100 Population jump 2100 Unnamed 2045–2100
Bangui	Nigeria	from 2055	39.8K	Low confidence 2070–2100 Area under 5 km² 2055–2095
Unnamed centre near Kabeya-Kamwanga	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2070	39.8K	Low confidence 2070–2100 Unnamed 2070–2100
Mampanya	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2080	39.8K	Low confidence 2080–2100
Xiliuhe	China	until 1980	39.8K	Low confidence 1975–1980 Area under 5 km² 1975–1980 Tiny footprint 1975–1980
Dhanbari	Bangladesh	until 1985	39.7K	Low confidence 1975–1980 Area under 5 km² 1975–1985 Tiny footprint 1975–1985
Bare	Ethiopia	from 2025	39.7K	Low confidence 2025–2100 Area under 5 km² 2025–2080
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2090	39.7K	Low confidence 2100 Unnamed 2090–2100
Balcılar Orta Mah.	Turkey	until 1995	39.7K	Low confidence 1975–1995 Area under 5 km² 1975–1995 Tiny footprint 1975–1995
Inticho	Ethiopia	until 1975	39.7K	Low confidence 1975 Area under 5 km² 1975 Tiny footprint 1975
Bungo	Angola	from 2045	39.7K	Low confidence 2065–2100
N'Gourti	Niger	from 2060	39.7K	Low confidence 2060–2100 Area under 5 km² 2060–2100 Tiny footprint 2060–2100
Keshindeh	Afghanistan	from 2045	39.7K	Low confidence 2045–2100 Area under 5 km² 2045–2065
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the Congo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2085	39.7K	Low confidence 2085–2100 Area under 5 km² 2085–2100 Tiny footprint 2085–2100 Unnamed 2085–2100
Huaqiao	China	until 1975	39.7K	Low confidence 1975 Area under 5 km² 1975 Tiny footprint 1975
Musesha	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2080	39.7K	Low confidence 2080–2100 Area under 5 km² 2080–2085
Unnamed centre near Miabi	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2075	39.6K	Low confidence 2075–2100 Area under 5 km² 2075–2100 Tiny footprint 2075–2100 Unnamed 2075–2100
Unnamed centre near Luau	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2070	39.6K	Low confidence 2070–2100 Unnamed 2070–2100
Unnamed centre near Dowlat Shāh	Afghanistan	from 2060	39.6K	Low confidence 2085–2100 Unnamed 2060–2100
Qal‘ah-ye Fārsī	Afghanistan	from 2025	39.6K	Low confidence 2025–2100 Population jump 2030 Built share under 1% 2025–2060 Area under 5 km² 2025 Unnamed 2025–2100
Deka	Ethiopia	from 2050	39.6K	Low confidence 2050–2100 Area under 5 km² 2050–2075
Bakwa Kamunu	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2075	39.6K	Low confidence 2085–2100
Shumba	Tanzania	from 2040	39.6K	Low confidence 2090–2100
Jalrēz	Afghanistan	from 2035	39.5K	Low confidence 2045–2100 Built share under 1% 2035 Unnamed 2035–2100
Chumo	Tanzania	from 2100	39.5K	Low confidence 2100
Lokorechoke	South Sudan	from 2100	39.5K	Low confidence 2100
Dirbishi	Nigeria	from 2050	39.5K	Low confidence 2050–2100 Area under 5 km² 2050–2100
Gella	Nigeria	from 2065	39.5K	Low confidence 2065–2100 Unnamed 2065–2100
Qurchi	Afghanistan	from 2070	39.5K	Low confidence 2070–2100 Area under 5 km² 2070–2085 Tiny footprint 2070–2100
Yagagi	Niger	from 2080	39.5K	Low confidence 2080–2100 Area under 5 km² 2080–2100
Unnamed centre near Fungurume	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2090	39.5K	Low confidence 2100 Unnamed 2090–2100
Chahe	China	until 1975	39.5K	Low confidence 1975 Area under 5 km² 1975
Magram Kebil	Chad	from 2050	39.5K	Low confidence 2050–2100
Al Hadar	Iraq	from 2040	39.5K	Low confidence 2040–2100 Area under 5 km² 2040–2055
Unnamed centre in Niger	Niger	from 2075	39.5K	Low confidence 2075–2100 Area under 5 km² 2075–2100 Tiny footprint 2075–2100 Unnamed 2075–2100
Réréwa	Niger	from 2080	39.5K	Low confidence 2080–2100
Fu’an	China	2020–2035	39.4K	Low confidence 2020–2035 Area under 5 km² 2020–2035 Tiny footprint 2020–2035 Small and dense in 2025 2025 Unnamed 2020–2035
Tabafat Toudou	Niger	from 2095	39.4K	Low confidence 2095–2100 Area under 5 km² 2095–2100
Del	Ethiopia	from 2080	39.4K	Low confidence 2080–2100 Area under 5 km² 2080–2100
Pirganj	Bangladesh	until 1985	39.4K	Low confidence 1975
Unnamed centre near Luebo	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2100	39.4K	Low confidence 2100 Unnamed 2100
Puni-Puni	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2080	39.4K	Low confidence 2080–2100
Serim-Birké	Sudan	2000–2015	39.4K	Low confidence 2000–2015 Area under 5 km² 2000–2010
Epanko	Tanzania	from 2100	39.3K	Low confidence 2100
Almar	Afghanistan	from 2030	39.3K	Low confidence 2050–2100
Rann	Nigeria	from 2045	39.3K	Low confidence 2045–2100 Area under 5 km² 2045–2100
Dumba	Democratic Republic of the Congo	from 2100	39.3K	Low confidence 2100