Data & methods

Data review

Nothing is filtered out of The Urban World. Every urban centre in GHS-WUP R2025A appears in the rankings, search, the directory and on the map, with the figures JRC published and their confidence beside them.

This page lists the centres that trip at least one diagnostic rule: low confidence, population jumps, tiny or barely built footprints, missing names. It is the working surface for deciding whether a curation rule is ever needed. How each rule is defined.

5,563 of 21,777 urban centres trip at least one rule.

JRC confidence 0: population outside 25-400% of the ensemble estimate

3,475 centres flagged low confidence· showing 2,001–2,100

Urban centre Country Exists Population Rules (epochs)
DulayqSudan2010–201547.6K
  • Low confidence 2010–2015
K'OshimEthiopiafrom 209047.6K
  • Low confidence 2090–2100
Golungo AltoAngolafrom 204547.5K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
Unnamed centre in SudanSudanfrom 207047.5K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
  • Unnamed 2070–2100
MbululaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 202047.5K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2020–2025
OkpotububoNigeriafrom 205547.5K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
KiseleDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 208047.5K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
Unnamed centre in KenyaKenyafrom 205047.5K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
  • Unnamed 2050–2100
AmtadahYemenfrom 208547.5K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
Unnamed centre near BeledweyneSomaliafrom 209047.5K
  • Low confidence 2090–2100
  • Unnamed 2090–2100
GelelaEthiopiafrom 203547.5K
  • Low confidence 2035–2100
ShilaboEthiopiafrom 206047.5K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
ChakwaleTanzaniafrom 207047.5K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
Ndjoko-PundaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 205047.5K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
MuateamfuDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 204547.5K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
TshitokoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 203547.5K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
As SafihYemenfrom 202547.5K
  • Low confidence 2025–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2025–2075
  • Area under 5 km² 2025
RagagSudanfrom 208047.5K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2080–2090
  • Tiny footprint 2080–2100
Bani al Bayda'Yemenfrom 206047.5K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2060
MbigouGabonfrom 207047.5K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
ShuwayySudanfrom 201047.5K
  • Low confidence 2010–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2010–2065
CarnificeHaitifrom 205547.4K
  • Low confidence 2060–2075
CaculaAngolafrom 205547.4K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
Kirgui BougajéNigerfrom 208547.4K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
Unnamed centre near ḎanḏarAfghanistanfrom 203547.4K
  • Low confidence 2035–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2035–2060
  • Unnamed 2035–2100
WumingChinauntil 198047.4K
  • Low confidence 1975–1980
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1980
Unnamed centre near KerchaEthiopiafrom 209547.4K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
  • Unnamed 2095–2100
گردنه حوتقولAfghanistanuntil 198047.4K
  • Low confidence 1975–1980
  • Built share under 1% 1975–1980
Kamba-KaleleDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 205547.4K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
ShinileEthiopiafrom 203047.4K
  • Low confidence 2030–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2030
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the CongoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 203047.4K
  • Low confidence 2030–2100
  • Unnamed 2030–2100
Massassak'aNigerfrom 207047.4K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
Tassaou BougajéNigerfrom 209547.4K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
Shole Yeterara SenseletEthiopiafrom 206547.4K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
KasomenoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 204547.4K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
Unnamed centre near DehdādīAfghanistanfrom 207547.4K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
  • Unnamed 2075–2100
Unnamed centre near KipambaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 206047.4K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2060–2090
  • Unnamed 2060–2100
Unnamed centre near KachīsīEthiopiafrom 208047.4K
  • Low confidence 2100
  • Unnamed 2080–2100
Forte da CameiaAngolafrom 210047.4K
  • Low confidence 2100
AliabadPakistanfrom 203047.4K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
NattukalIndiauntil 201047.4K
  • Low confidence 1975–1980
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
GagawaNigerfrom 207047.4K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
WuduChinauntil 200047.3K
  • Low confidence 1975
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
TaiheChinauntil 201047.3K
  • Low confidence 1975–2010
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–2010
  • Unnamed 1975–2010
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the CongoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 207547.3K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
  • Unnamed 2075–2100
PatanPakistan2010–201547.3K
  • Low confidence 2010–2015
  • Built share under 1% 2010–2015
  • Unnamed 2010–2015
MairaPakistanfrom 204547.3K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
Rob GebeyaEthiopiafrom 203547.3K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
BerhaleEthiopiafrom 204047.3K
  • Low confidence 2040–2100
YuxiChina1990–199047.3K
  • Low confidence 1990
Laum MaimbungPhilippinesuntil 199547.3K
  • Low confidence 1975–1995
  • Built share under 1% 1975–1995
KalembaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 203547.3K
  • Low confidence 2035–2100
AbotEthiopiafrom 205547.3K
  • Low confidence 2090
Tulu MilkiEthiopiafrom 204047.3K
  • Low confidence 2055–2100
LastoursvilleGabonfrom 207547.3K
  • Low confidence 2100
TshibalaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 203547.3K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
SujawalPakistanfrom 201547.3K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2015
MtumbatuTanzaniafrom 209047.3K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
Debre SelamEthiopiafrom 204547.3K
  • Low confidence 2055–2100
MassanoMozambiquefrom 207047.3K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
Degem HambisoEthiopiafrom 202547.3K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
Unnamed centre near ‘Alāqahdārī-ye AlmārAfghanistanfrom 206047.3K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
  • Unnamed 2060–2100
Al HadiyahYemenfrom 203547.3K
  • Low confidence 2035–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2035–2090
Unnamed centre near KhadīrAfghanistanfrom 205047.2K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2050–2090
  • Unnamed 2050–2100
ChenchangChinauntil 197547.2K
  • Low confidence 1975
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
MacocolaAngolafrom 206047.2K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
  • Unnamed 2060–2100
YetouziChina1990–199547.2K
  • Low confidence 1990–1995
WeretaEthiopiauntil 197547.2K
  • Low confidence 1975
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
  • Tiny footprint 1975
Deh-e NowAfghanistanfrom 205047.2K
  • Low confidence 2080–2090
  • Unnamed 2050–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the CongoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 208547.2K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
  • Unnamed 2085–2100
K'EladaEthiopiafrom 210047.2K
  • Low confidence 2100
WegedaEthiopiauntil 197547.2K
  • Low confidence 1975
  • Area under 5 km² 1975
HababahYemenfrom 202547.2K
  • Low confidence 2025–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2025–2075
BukubaTanzaniafrom 207547.2K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
IsokeSouth Sudanfrom 204547.2K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
Goz AmerChadfrom 203547.2K
  • Low confidence 2035–2100
BwasingeDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 203547.2K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
KalumbuDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 209047.1K
  • Low confidence 2090–2100
GoueygoudoumChadfrom 209547.1K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
BanuAfghanistanfrom 208547.1K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
Tabi`Yemenfrom 203047.1K
  • Low confidence 2030–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2030–2040
HouzhuangcunChina2020–209047.1K
  • Low confidence 2020–2090
  • Built share under 1% 2020–2090
  • Area under 5 km² 2020–2090
  • Tiny footprint 2020–2090
  • Small and dense in 2025 2025
Dumba CambangoAngolafrom 209047.1K
  • Low confidence 2090–2100
SinakIndonesiafrom 208547.1K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
ShenoEthiopiafrom 204047.1K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
KayaSouth Sudanfrom 205547.1K
  • Low confidence 2055–2100
KivitagaTanzaniafrom 207547.1K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
KondobeiSudanfrom 207547.1K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2075
KatokaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 206047.1K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
Bena-KazadiDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 209547.1K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
TendukhedaIndiafrom 200547.0K
  • Low confidence 2005–2010
  • Area under 5 km² 2005–2010
Bena-TshadiDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 206547.0K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
FerferEthiopiafrom 202547.0K
  • Low confidence 2025–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2025–2100
  • Small and dense 2025–2100
Bayt JuraydYemenfrom 208547.0K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
TaywaraAfghanistanfrom 203047.0K
  • Low confidence 2030–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2030–2040
  • Area under 5 km² 2030
SherzadAfghanistanfrom 206547.0K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
AkoboSouth Sudan2015–201547.0K
  • Low confidence 2015
ShakhipurBangladeshuntil 201547.0K
  • Low confidence 1975
ApahapsiliIndonesiafrom 203047.0K
  • Low confidence 2030–2100
IndetuEthiopiafrom 208547.0K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100