Data & methods

Data review

Nothing is filtered out of The Urban World. Every urban centre in GHS-WUP R2025A appears in the rankings, search, the directory and on the map, with the figures JRC published and their confidence beside them.

This page lists the centres that trip at least one diagnostic rule: low confidence, population jumps, tiny or barely built footprints, missing names. It is the working surface for deciding whether a curation rule is ever needed. How each rule is defined.

5,563 of 21,777 urban centres trip at least one rule.

JRC confidence 0: population outside 25-400% of the ensemble estimate

3,475 centres flagged low confidence· showing 1,601–1,700

Urban centre Country Exists Population Rules (epochs)
Unnamed centre near BulōlahAfghanistanfrom 205050.3K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2050–2070
  • Unnamed 2050–2100
关山沟China1980–199050.3K
  • Low confidence 1980–1990
  • Built share under 1% 1980–1990
Tog WajaaleSomaliafrom 202550.3K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2025–2050
  • Unnamed 2025–2100
ZhichengChinauntil 201550.3K
  • Low confidence 1975
Unnamed centre in South SudanSouth Sudanfrom 208550.3K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
  • Unnamed 2085–2100
Bayt al KabshYemenfrom 201550.3K
  • Low confidence 2015–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2015–2060
LapidJerusalem No man's landfrom 208050.3K
  • Low confidence 2100
LiaogaoChinauntil 200550.3K
  • Low confidence 1975–1980
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1985
Weter BotaEthiopiafrom 210050.3K
  • Low confidence 2100
TierguolEthiopiafrom 203550.3K
  • Low confidence 2035–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2035–2100
Now ZadAfghanistanfrom 203550.2K
  • Low confidence 2035–2100
AfezezEthiopiafrom 209550.2K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
UffurowSomaliafrom 202550.2K
  • Low confidence 2025–2100
YakavlangAfghanistanfrom 205050.2K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
Unnamed centre near Nova MamboneMozambiquefrom 209550.2K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2095–2100
  • Unnamed 2095–2100
UffurowSomalia2015–201550.2K
  • Low confidence 2015
DaymalekAfghanistanfrom 206550.2K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
LaskaEthiopiafrom 203550.2K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the CongoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 205550.2K
  • Low confidence 2055–2100
  • Unnamed 2055–2100
KakeEthiopiafrom 202550.2K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
Unnamed centre in AfghanistanAfghanistanfrom 205050.2K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2050
  • Unnamed 2050–2100
As SalfYemenfrom 203050.1K
  • Low confidence 2030–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2030–2065
KikonkoTanzaniafrom 209550.1K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
DulayqSudanfrom 202550.1K
  • Low confidence 2030–2100
GurziwanAfghanistanfrom 206050.1K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
NkathaMozambiquefrom 206050.1K
  • Low confidence 2090–2100
Aw CusmanSomaliafrom 206050.1K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
  • Population jump 2090
  • Area under 5 km² 2060–2065
KasoloDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 206550.1K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
DegoloEthiopiafrom 201550.1K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2015–2025
Unnamed centre near GeiroTanzaniafrom 210050.1K
  • Low confidence 2100
  • Unnamed 2100
Unnamed centre in EthiopiaEthiopiafrom 204550.0K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
  • Unnamed 2045–2100
Al KharabahYemenfrom 207550.0K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
ThattaPakistanfrom 206550.0K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
  • Unnamed 2065–2100
Unnamed centre near InsacaMozambiquefrom 207550.0K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
  • Unnamed 2075–2100
Bu'aaleSomalia2005–201550.0K
  • Low confidence 2005–2015
  • Area under 5 km² 2005–2015
IshkamishAfghanistanfrom 202550.0K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
Unnamed centre near JawandAfghanistanfrom 204550.0K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2045–2085
  • Unnamed 2045–2100
KabléwaNigerfrom 205050.0K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
KankumbwaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 204050.0K
  • Low confidence 2040–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2040–2055
Unnamed centre near KajrānAfghanistanfrom 209050.0K
  • Low confidence 2090–2100
  • Unnamed 2090–2100
ShalamzarIranfrom 201050.0K
  • Low confidence 2010–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2010–2020
Al GhathamahYemenfrom 206550.0K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
Hamam al AlilIraqfrom 203050.0K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
BilhaurIndiauntil 201550.0K
  • Low confidence 1975–2010
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–2015
  • Tiny footprint 1975–2015
SinanChinauntil 203550.0K
  • Low confidence 1975–1985
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1980
Unnamed centre in SudanSudanfrom 206549.9K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
  • Built share under 1% 2065–2075
  • Unnamed 2065–2100
Sombule / HublikiIndonesiafrom 208049.9K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
Bula AtumbaAngolafrom 208549.9K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
KonibodomTajikistanfrom 203549.9K
  • Low confidence 2035–2100
MukumbiDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 206549.9K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
Unnamed centre near TītānAfghanistanfrom 206049.9K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
  • Unnamed 2060–2100
BendiEthiopiafrom 210049.9K
  • Low confidence 2100
Were IluEthiopiafrom 203049.9K
  • Low confidence 2090–2100
Hāji IsmāīlPakistanfrom 205549.9K
  • Low confidence 2055–2100
XunyangChinauntil 206049.9K
  • Low confidence 1975–1990
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1990
Bonsa TeraraEthiopiafrom 209549.9K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
Qala i NawAfghanistanfrom 204049.9K
  • Low confidence 2040–2100
  • Unnamed 2040–2100
NitoukouCameroonfrom 210049.9K
  • Low confidence 2100
LuacanoAngolafrom 204049.9K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
GourmogaChadfrom 207049.9K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
BhandariaBangladesh1985–205549.9K
  • Low confidence 1985–1995
  • Area under 5 km² 1985–1990
Unnamed centre near MalemaMozambiquefrom 208049.9K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
  • Unnamed 2080–2100
BerciumaEthiopiafrom 206049.8K
  • Low confidence 2060–2100
AweilSouth Sudanuntil 207549.8K
  • Low confidence 1975–1990
  • Population jump 2020
NyamitabaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 205549.8K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
  • Population jump 2060
BardarashIraqfrom 202549.8K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
As SarirYemenfrom 205049.8K
  • Low confidence 2050–2100
KabalaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 202549.8K
  • Low confidence 2025–2100
SirhCameroonfrom 208549.8K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
Al `AshshahYemenfrom 206549.8K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
AnchangChinauntil 199549.8K
  • Low confidence 1975–1995
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–1995
SafedsangAfghanistanfrom 205049.8K
  • Low confidence 2060–2070, 2085–2100
Kabeya MukoleDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 209049.7K
  • Low confidence 2090–2100
MasyabYemenfrom 207549.7K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
Bakwe-KengeDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 204549.7K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
Ngog-MapubiCameroonfrom 209549.7K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
Unnamed centre near ŌbêhAfghanistanfrom 210049.7K
  • Low confidence 2100
  • Unnamed 2100
OdoniNigeriafrom 203549.7K
  • Low confidence 2055–2100
GuanshanChinauntil 200049.7K
  • Low confidence 1975–2000
Unnamed centre near AdraskanAfghanistanfrom 206549.7K
  • Low confidence 2065–2100
  • Unnamed 2065–2100
Unnamed centre near FungurumeDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 207049.7K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
  • Unnamed 2070–2100
Sant RoadIndia1995–200049.7K
  • Low confidence 1995–2000
  • Area under 5 km² 1995–2000
  • Tiny footprint 1995–2000
Unnamed centre near NyalaSudanfrom 204549.7K
  • Low confidence 2045–2100
  • Unnamed 2045–2100
Ignie districtRepublic of the Congofrom 205049.7K
  • Low confidence 2100
YinshanChinauntil 200049.7K
  • Low confidence 1975–2000
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–2000
Cabo LedoAngolafrom 205549.6K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
DongrangkouChina1990–199049.6K
  • Low confidence 1990
  • Built share under 1% 1990
LuetaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 203049.6K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
KamunguDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 202049.6K
  • Low confidence 2020–2100
  • Area under 5 km² 2020–2095
  • Small and dense 2020–2100
Ulziit soumMongoliafrom 208549.6K
  • Low confidence 2085–2100
DoreEthiopiafrom 203049.6K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100
  • Population jump 2035
Unnamed centre near Alto MolocueMozambiquefrom 207049.6K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
  • Unnamed 2070–2100
JangyonNorth Korea1975–210049.6K
  • Low confidence 1975–2015
  • Area under 5 km² 1975–2100
Unnamed centre in Democratic Republic of the CongoDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 207049.6K
  • Low confidence 2070–2100
  • Unnamed 2070–2100
Unnamed centre near MtimbiraTanzaniafrom 210049.6K
  • Low confidence 2100
  • Unnamed 2100
MpianaDemocratic Republic of the Congofrom 207549.6K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
BūrkahAfghanistanfrom 204049.6K
  • Low confidence 2040–2100
  • Unnamed 2040–2100
ChambaMozambiquefrom 206549.6K
  • Low confidence 2075–2100
UemitaAngolafrom 205049.6K
  • Low confidence 2080–2100
NyarwumbaBurundifrom 209549.6K
  • Low confidence 2095–2100